{"id":1690,"date":"2023-08-13T09:17:04","date_gmt":"2023-08-13T01:17:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zhang.mba\/?p=1690"},"modified":"2023-08-13T10:25:16","modified_gmt":"2023-08-13T02:25:16","slug":"mqtt-xie-yi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zhang.mba\/index.php\/2023\/08\/13\/09\/17\/04\/1690\/mqtt-xie-yi\/python\/zhangzhiqi\/","title":{"rendered":"MQTT\u534f\u8bae\u3001REST API\u548c\u5e76\u53d1\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>MQTT\uff08Message Queuing Telemetry Transport\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u53d1\u5e03-\u8ba2\u9605\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u5728\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u548cM2M\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"mqtt%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E7%9A%84%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86\" class=\"anchor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"octicon octicon-link\"><\/span><\/a>MQTT\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/h2>\n<h3><a id=\"mqtt%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%89%E7%A7%8D%E8%A7%92%E8%89%B2\" class=\"anchor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"octicon octicon-link\"><\/span><\/a>MQTT\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u89d2\u8272<\/h3>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u89d2\u8272\uff1aMQTT\u534f\u8bae\u6d89\u53ca\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff1a\u53d1\u5e03\u8005\uff08Publisher\uff09\u548c\u8ba2\u9605\u8005\uff08Subscriber\uff09\u3002\u53d1\u5e03\u8005\u8d1f\u8d23\u53d1\u5e03\u6d88\u606f\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\uff08Topic\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u8ba2\u9605\u8005\u5219\u8ba2\u9605\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7406\uff08Broker\uff09\uff1aMQTT\u901a\u4fe1\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u79f0\u4e3a\u4ee3\u7406\uff08Broker\uff09\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u4ee3\u7406\u662f\u8d1f\u8d23\u63a5\u6536\u3001\u8def\u7531\u548c\u5206\u53d1\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5b83\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u53d1\u5e03\u8005\u548c\u8ba2\u9605\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u9898\uff08Topic\uff09\uff1a\u4e3b\u9898\u662fMQTT\u4e2d\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u6807\u8bc6\u3002\u53d1\u5e03\u8005\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u5e03\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u8ba2\u9605\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba2\u9605\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u4e3b\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982&quot;sensor\/temperature&quot;\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d&quot;sensor&quot;\u662f\u9ad8\u5c42\u7ea7\uff0c&quot;temperature&quot;\u662f\u4f4e\u5c42\u7ea7\u3002\u8ba2\u9605\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u6765\u8ba2\u9605\u591a\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a id=\"mqtt%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84qos%E7%BA%A7%E5%88%AB\" class=\"anchor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"octicon octicon-link\"><\/span><\/a>MQTT\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u7684QoS\u7ea7\u522b<\/h3>\n<p>QoS\u7ea7\u522b\uff1aMQTT\u534f\u8bae\u652f\u6301\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\uff08QoS\uff09\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ea7\u522b\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>QoS 0\uff1a\u6700\u591a\u4e00\u6b21\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u5e03\u8005\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u786e\u8ba4\u6216\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u8bd5\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u4f4e\u7684QoS\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<br \/>\nQoS 1\uff1a\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u6b21\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u5e03\u8005\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u786e\u4fdd\u81f3\u5c11\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u8ba2\u9605\u8005\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u5c06\u91cd\u8bd5\u76f4\u5230\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u6210\u529f\u3002<br \/>\nQoS 2\uff1a\u6070\u597d\u4e00\u6b21\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u5e03\u8005\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u786e\u4fdd\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u53ea\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u6b21\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8ba2\u9605\u8005\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u7684QoS\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6700\u5f3a\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7406\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7TCP\/IP\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5728\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4fdd\u6301\u6301\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5373\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff08Session\uff09\u3002\u5728\u4f1a\u8bdd\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u5e03\u548c\u8ba2\u9605\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u8ba2\u9605\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u6301\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5\u5141\u8bb8\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u6062\u590d\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u8ba2\u9605\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a id=\"mqtt%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E7%9A%84%E6%B6%88%E6%81%AF%E4%BC%A0%E9%80%92%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B\" class=\"anchor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"octicon octicon-link\"><\/span><\/a>MQTT\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<p>\u53d1\u5e03\u8005\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u5e03\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u3002<br \/>\n\u4ee3\u7406\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u53d1\u5e03\u8005\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u8ba2\u9605\u8005\u7684\u8ba2\u9605\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u8def\u7531\u5230\u5339\u914d\u7684\u8ba2\u9605\u8005\u3002<br \/>\n\u8ba2\u9605\u8005\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<br \/>\n\u4fdd\u7559\u6d88\u606f\uff1aMQTT\u534f\u8bae\u652f\u6301\u4fdd\u7559\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u53d1\u5e03\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u4fdd\u7559\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ee3\u7406\u5c06\u5b58\u50a8\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u4fdd\u7559\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8ba2\u9605\u8005\u8ba2\u9605\u76f8\u5173\u4e3b\u9898\u65f6\u7acb\u5373\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u8ba2\u9605\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u5e03\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba2\u9605\u4e86\u4e3b\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a id=\"mqtt%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE%E5%B0%8F%E4%BE%8B%E5%AD%90\" class=\"anchor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"octicon octicon-link\"><\/span><\/a>MQTT\u534f\u8bae\u5c0f\u4f8b\u5b50<\/h3>\n<p>\u8be5\u793a\u4f8b\u4e3a\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u5e03\u8005\u53d1\u5e03\u6e29\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u8ba2\u9605\u8005\u63a5\u6536\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5b83\u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u4f1a\u91c7\u96c6\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7MQTT\u534f\u8bae\u53d1\u5e03\u5230\u4e3b\u9898 <code>sensor\/temperature<\/code> \u4e0a\u3002\u8ba2\u9605\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba2\u9605\u8be5\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u6e29\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"line-numbers\"><code class=\"language-python\">import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt\n\n# MQTT\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u6d88\u606f\u65f6\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\ndef on_message(client, userdata, msg):\n    print(f&quot;\u6536\u5230\u6d88\u606f\uff1a{msg.topic} {msg.payload.decode()}&quot;)\n\n# \u521b\u5efaMQTT\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\nclient = mqtt.Client()\n\n# \u8bbe\u7f6e\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\nclient.on_message = on_message\n\n# \u8fde\u63a5\u5230MQTT\u4ee3\u7406\nbroker_address = &quot;mqtt.example.com&quot;  # \u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684MQTT\u4ee3\u7406\u5730\u5740\nclient.connect(broker_address)\n\n# \u8ba2\u9605\u4e3b\u9898\ntopic = &quot;sensor\/temperature&quot;\nclient.subscribe(topic)\n\n# \u5faa\u73af\u76d1\u542cMQTT\u6d88\u606f\nclient.loop_start()\n\n# \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6301\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u6d88\u606f\u5230\u8fbe\ntry:\n    while True:\n        pass\nexcept KeyboardInterrupt:\n    pass\n\n# \u65ad\u5f00MQTT\u8fde\u63a5\nclient.loop_stop()\nclient.disconnect()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aMQTT\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570 <code>on_message<\/code>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u6d88\u606f\u65f6\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fde\u63a5\u5230MQTT\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba2\u9605\u4e86\u4e3b\u9898 <code>sensor\/temperature<\/code>\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5faa\u73af\u76d1\u542cMQTT\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u8fd0\u884c\u5e76\u7b49\u5f85\u6d88\u606f\u5230\u8fbe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u5e03\u8005\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u62df\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u5b83\u4f1a\u5b9a\u671f\u91c7\u96c6\u6e29\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7MQTT\u534f\u8bae\u53d1\u5e03\u5230\u4e3b\u9898 <code>sensor\/temperature<\/code> \u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"line-numbers\"><code class=\"language-python\">import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt\nimport time\nimport random\n\n# \u521b\u5efaMQTT\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\nclient = mqtt.Client()\n\n# \u8fde\u63a5\u5230MQTT\u4ee3\u7406\nbroker_address = &quot;mqtt.example.com&quot;  # \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684MQTT\u4ee3\u7406\u5730\u5740\nclient.connect(broker_address)\n\n# \u6a21\u62df\u6e29\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u5e03\ntry:\n    while True:\n        temperature = random.uniform(20, 30)  # \u968f\u673a\u751f\u6210\u6e29\u5ea6\u503c\n        payload = str(temperature)\n        client.publish(&quot;sensor\/temperature&quot;, payload)\n        print(f&quot;\u53d1\u5e03\u6e29\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\uff1a{payload}&quot;)\n        time.sleep(5)  # \u6bcf\u96945\u79d2\u53d1\u5e03\u4e00\u6b21\nexcept KeyboardInterrupt:\n    pass\n\n# \u65ad\u5f00MQTT\u8fde\u63a5\nclient.disconnect()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2aMQTT\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u5e76\u8fde\u63a5\u5230MQTT\u4ee3\u7406\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2awhile\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u6e29\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u91c7\u96c6\u548c\u53d1\u5e03\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6bcf\u96945\u79d2\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u5e03\u5230\u4e3b\u9898 <code>sensor\/temperature<\/code> \u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5f53\u8ba2\u9605\u8005\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u6536\u5230\u53d1\u5e03\u8005\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684MQTT\u4ee3\u7406\u5730\u5740\u9700\u8981\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u7684MQTT\u4ee3\u7406\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a id=\"%E8%87%AA%E6%88%91%E6%84%9F%E6%82%9F\" class=\"anchor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"octicon octicon-link\"><\/span><\/a>\u81ea\u6211\u611f\u609f<\/h3>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684SDN\u5f88\u50cf\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\uff08\u8fdc\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u5668\uff09\u7ef4\u62a4\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\u548c\u94fe\u8def\u4fe1\u606f\uff0cQos\u7ea7\u522b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eTCP\u548cUDP\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n<h1><a id=\"rest-api\" class=\"anchor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"octicon octicon-link\"><\/span><\/a>REST API<\/h1>\n<p>REST API\uff08Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u98ce\u683c\u548c\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u73b0\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u548c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n<p>REST API\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u8d44\u6e90\uff08Resources\uff09\uff1a\u5728REST\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff08URI\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u8d44\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7edf\u4e00\u63a5\u53e3\uff08Uniform Interface\uff09\uff1aREST API\u4f7f\u7528\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u9075\u5faa\u4e00\u7ec4\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u539f\u5219\u548c\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u5982\u4f7f\u7528HTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08GET\u3001POST\u3001PUT\u3001DELETE\u7b49\uff09\u5bf9\u8d44\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\uff08Stateless\uff09\uff1aREST API\u662f\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fdd\u7559\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f7f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u5148\u524d\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6d88\u606f\u9a71\u52a8\uff08Message-Driven\uff09\uff1aREST API\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u9012\u6d88\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d88\u606f\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u54cd\u5e94\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d88\u606f\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u7684HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528REST API\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u3001\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u53ef\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002REST API\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efaWeb\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540e\u7aef\u548c\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u7b49\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\u7b80\u5355\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u91c7\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a id=\"%E8%87%AA%E6%88%91%E6%84%9F%E6%82%9F\" class=\"anchor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"octicon octicon-link\"><\/span><\/a>\u81ea\u6211\u611f\u609f<\/h3>\n<p>\u770b\u4e86REST API\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u611f\u89c9\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5929\u6c14\u4ed8\u8d39\u63a5\u53e3\u3001\u767e\u5ea6\u6587\u672c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4ed8\u8d39\u63a5\u53e3\u3001\u56fe\u7247\u6587\u5b57\u8bc6\u522b\u4ed8\u8d39\u63a5\u53e3\u3001Chatgpt\u4ed8\u8d39\u63a5\u53e3\u7b49\u7b49\u63a5\u53e3\u6ca1\u6709\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5c06HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u63a5\u53e3\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<h1><a id=\"%E5%A4%9A%E8%AE%BE%E5%A4%87%E6%97%B6%E7%9A%84%E5%B9%B6%E5%8F%91%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5\" class=\"anchor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"octicon octicon-link\"><\/span><\/a>\u591a\u8bbe\u5907\u65f6\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565<\/h1>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e30\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53cd\u9988,\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u70b9\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u5ef6\u8fdf\u63a7\u5236\u5728500ms\u4ee5\u4e0b:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684MQTT\u8fde\u63a5,\u907f\u514d\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u963b\u585e\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u4ed6\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre class=\"line-numbers\"><code class=\"language-python\"># \u521b\u5efa\u8bbe\u5907\u8fde\u63a5\ndevice_clients = []\nfor i in range(30):\n  client = mqtt.Client()\n  client.connect(host, port)\n  device_clients.append(client)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u8bbe\u5907\u72b6\u6001\u4e3b\u9898\u4f7f\u7528\u72ec\u7acb\u7684Queue\u961f\u5217\u6536\u96c6,\u907f\u514d\u8bbe\u5907\u4e3b\u9898\u5904\u7406\u4e92\u76f8\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre class=\"line-numbers\"><code class=\"language-python\">from queue import Queue\n\n# \u72b6\u6001\u961f\u5217\ndevice_queues = []\nfor i in range(30):\n  q = Queue()\n  device_queues.append(q)\n\n# \u8ba2\u9605\u8bbe\u5907\u72b6\u6001\u4e3b\u9898\u5230\u72ec\u7acb\u961f\u5217\nfor i, client in enumerate(device_clients):\n  client.subscribe(device_topic[i], q.put) \n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\u961f\u5217\u6570\u636e,\u52a0\u5feb\u4e3b\u9898\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre class=\"line-numbers\"><code class=\"language-python\">from threading import Thread\n\ndef handle_queue(i):\n  while True:\n    data = device_queues[i].get()\n    # \u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u5230API\n    \n# \u542f\u52a8\u961f\u5217\u5904\u7406\u7ebf\u7a0b  \nthreads = []\nfor i in range(30):\n  t = Thread(target=handle_queue, args=(i,))\n  t.start()\n  threads.append(t)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>\n<p>\u5bf9API\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u6846\u67b6,\u5982Sanic,FastAPI,\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60,\u63d0\u9ad8\u5199\u5165\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4f18\u5316,\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b,\u5c0630\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53cd\u9988\u5ef6\u8fdf\u63a7\u5236\u5728500ms\u4ee5\u5185\u3002\u5173\u952e\u662f\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u540c\u8bbe\u5907\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/p>\n<!--CusAds0-->\n<div style=\"font-size: 0px; height: 0px; line-height: 0px; margin: 0; padding: 0; clear: both;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>MQTT\uff08Message Queuing Telemetry Transport\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u53d1\u5e03-\u8ba2\u9605\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u5728\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u548cM2M\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0},"categories":[12,56],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhang.mba\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1690"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhang.mba\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhang.mba\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhang.mba\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhang.mba\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1690"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zhang.mba\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1690\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zhang.mba\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1690"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhang.mba\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1690"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zhang.mba\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1690"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}